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so two of the crew members on board the

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international space station right now

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scott kelly mikhail kornyenko digging in

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to spend almost entire year in orbit and

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they're going to be doing a lot of

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studies that are going to be tracking

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how the body adapts to even longer times

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in microgravity now i have with me one

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of the principal investigators of one of

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those studies dr tina holden who's the

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pi for the fine motor skills study first

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off thank you so much for joining me

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today doctor and first off give me just

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a real general overview what is it that

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you guys are looking for while they're

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in space you know that kind of that

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microgravity can do to the body while

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they're up there

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well we know from the spaceflight

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experience that we have to date that

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extended weightlessness tends to

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decondition the body and that's why it's

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so important for crew to do exercise on

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board what we don't really have a good

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handle on is what are the effects of

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extended microgravity on fine motor

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skills we don't really have a complete

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data set in that area

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and so the results are kind of

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inconclusive at this point okay and when

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you talk fine motor skills what what

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falls into that category

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well it's important to note that this

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study is not a medical study it is a

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space human factors engineering study

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okay and what that means is that we're

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very focused on the effects of

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long-duration microgravity on task

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performance specifically fine motor task

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performance the type that's required to

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interact with computer-based devices

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like tablet computers with touch screens

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so a lot of dexterous activities things

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like that just really you know working

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with their hands a lot that kind of

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falls into the fine motor

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exactly and particularly human computer

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action interaction so your ability to

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interact with user interface pointing

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clicking dragging targets on the screen

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okay and so we've had crews flying to

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the international space station for

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years now and i mean what are some of

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the things that we've seen with their

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you know fine motor skills in that time

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so far we know for the most part crews

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have been very successful in completing

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their mission objectives and we really

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haven't seen uh problems but there

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haven't been a lot of studies looking at

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the fine details of how long tasks are

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taking to perform there have been a few

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studies that have shown tasks take

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longer in microgravity than on the

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ground but really none of the studies

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completed have looked at the types of

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tests that we're including in this

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investigation those specifically

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targeted at working with computer-based

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devices okay walk me walk me through

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some of the tests that you guys are

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going to be doing how are you collecting

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you know the data for this study

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okay so we're going to have crew members

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complete four different types of tasks

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these have been very specifically chosen

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because they

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include the component actions of

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interacting with a computer-based device

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they are a pointing task a dragging task

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a

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on iss for science so it's kind of

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exciting okay yeah i mean they use them

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for a lot of just reading manuals and

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stuff like that and so and this is

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important because you know so much more

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and more things are computerized and

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miniaturized so really tracking that

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fine motor skill could be important and

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we need to see if there is anything that

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could inhibit that correct absolutely

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and our real concern is just making sure

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that in the future if a crew member goes

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on a long duration flight to mars for

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example that when they go down to the

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planetary surface and need to interact

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with their computer-based devices they

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can do so with accuracy okay and what

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are some of the so much of the research

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we do on station has direct effects and

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benefits for us down here on earth what

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are some of the benefits or some of the

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things that we could hope to learn from

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this study that you know you and i down

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here on earth might you know benefit

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from we're very excited about the

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development of this fine motor skills

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test battery and we think that it has

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promised to be used as a diagnostic tool

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or rehabilitation tool for earth

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populations who have fine motor deficits

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and that would include people for

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example that have brain injuries or

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suffering from diseases like parkinson's

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okay so not only safeguarding our

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astronauts and making sure they'll be

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able to work when they're heading off to

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mars but also potentially helping you

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know some of us down here on earth

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absolutely very cool well again dr tina

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holden the principal investigator for

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fine motor skills taking place onboard

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the international space station right

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now with the one-year crew member scott

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kelly mikhail kornanko doctor thank you